Best cities for electricians plumbers and HVAC techs — 15 cities ranked by monthly leftover
🔧 Career guide  ·  Skilled trades

Best Cities for Electricians, Plumbers, and HVAC Techs: Where Your Trade Makes You Wealthy

⏱ 18 min read
📅 Updated May 2026
📊 BLS · Redfin · Indeed · COL indices
✓ Real wages, real monthly math
$61k
US median electrician salary
$60k
US median plumber salary
$57k
US median HVAC salary
15
Cities ranked
$999
Monthly leftover (best pick)

If you’re looking for the best cities for electricians, plumbers, and HVAC techs, the answer isn’t where you’d expect. A licensed electrician in Fort Wayne, Indiana earns $63,000 per year. After taxes, the mortgage on a $198,000 home, and all living expenses, they have just under $1,000 left every month. A licensed electrician in San Francisco earns $98,000. After California’s income tax, San Francisco rent, and the cost of living, they are running a deficit every month with no realistic path to homeownership.

This is the story nobody tells tradespeople. The trades have become genuinely excellent careers. Demand is outpacing supply in almost every market. Wages have risen sharply. A journeyman electrician, plumber, or HVAC tech can earn $57,000 to $85,000 depending on city and experience, without a college degree and without student loan debt.

But the city you work in determines whether that income makes you wealthy or just comfortable. This guide ranks 15 cities where the trades pay well and the cost of living doesn’t erase the advantage. Every city has real monthly math: what you take home after taxes, what housing actually costs at 6.8% mortgage rates, what life costs, and what’s left at the end of the month.

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How we ranked these cities
Each city is ranked by monthly leftover after all expenses on the blended median trades salary (electrician, plumber, HVAC) for that metro from BLS data. We apply federal taxes and FICA, state income tax, then subtract the full mortgage payment (principal, interest, property taxes, and homeowners insurance) on the median home with 10% down at 6.8%, the current market rate. Living costs are estimated using the local COL index. The leftover is what matters.

Tier 1: Best cities for electricians, plumbers, and HVAC techs who want real wealth ($800+ per month leftover)

In these four cities, a skilled tradesperson keeps $800 to $1,000 per month after every expense. At current mortgage rates, affordable home prices are the biggest driver. These cities have the right combination of decent wages and low enough housing costs to leave serious money at the end of every month.

01. Fort Wayne, IN

City 01
Fort Wayne, Indiana
Northeast Indiana · Mid-size city
Highest leftover on list Lowest income tax (3.05%) Lowest home price on list
~$999
Est. monthly leftover
$63k
Avg trades salary
$198k
Median home
Monthly itemAmount
Gross monthly income ($63k/yr)$5,250
Federal taxes and FICA-$1,037
Indiana state income tax (3.05%)-$160
Take-home pay$4,213
Mortgage P&I on $198k (10% down, 6.8%)-$1,162
Property tax (0.85% rate, ~$140/mo)-$140
Homeowners insurance-$85
Groceries (COL 83)-$374
Transportation-$450
Utilities (~$154/mo local avg)-$154
Health insurance-$280
Phone and subscriptions-$120
Dining and entertainment-$249
Personal and misc-$200
Monthly leftover~$999

Fort Wayne tops this list because of one number: $198,000 median home price. At 6.8% with 10% down, the principal and interest payment is $1,162 per month. Add property taxes and insurance and the total housing cost is $1,387. That’s genuinely low. Indiana’s 3.05% state income tax is the lowest of any income-tax state on this list, which keeps take-home strong. The manufacturing economy: Fort Wayne has a large industrial base, creates consistent work for electricians and HVAC techs specifically.

Nearly $1,000 per month left over after everything. Over ten years that’s $120,000 available to invest, pay down a mortgage, or fund retirement. A tradesperson who moves here at 28 and consistently invests that surplus can be financially independent before 50. That’s the math. Fort Wayne isn’t glamorous but it’s one of the best financial environments for skilled trades in the country.

02. Tulsa, OK

City 02
Tulsa, Oklahoma
Northeast Oklahoma · Mid-size city
Energy sector demand Low home prices Tulsa Remote community
~$972
Est. monthly leftover
$64k
Avg trades salary
$198k
Median home
Monthly itemAmount
Gross monthly income ($64k/yr)$5,333
Federal taxes and FICA-$1,054
Oklahoma state income tax (4.75%)-$253
Take-home pay$4,179
Mortgage P&I on $198k (10% down, 6.8%)-$1,162
Property tax (0.89% rate, ~$147/mo)-$147
Homeowners insurance-$85
Groceries (COL 83)-$374
Transportation-$450
Utilities (~$140/mo local avg)-$140
Health insurance-$280
Phone and subscriptions-$120
Dining and entertainment-$249
Personal and misc-$200
Monthly leftover~$972

Tulsa ties Fort Wayne on home price at $198,000. Oklahoma’s 4.75% income tax is higher than Indiana’s 3.05% which knocks $93 per month off take-home, explaining the slightly lower leftover. Tulsa’s energy sector creates sustained industrial electrical and pipefitting demand that doesn’t evaporate when residential construction slows. Refineries, petrochemical plants, and industrial maintenance are ongoing work. The Brady Arts District and a revitalized downtown mean the city has more to offer than pure financial efficiency.

03. Johnson City, TN

City 03
Johnson City, Tennessee
Northeast Tennessee · Small city
No state income tax Low property taxes Appalachian lifestyle
~$829
Est. monthly leftover
$62k
Avg trades salary
$247k
Median home
Monthly itemAmount
Gross monthly income ($62k/yr)$5,167
Federal taxes and FICA-$1,020
Tennessee state income tax$0
Take-home pay$4,315
Mortgage P&I on $247k (10% down, 6.8%)-$1,449
Property tax (0.67% rate, ~$138/mo)-$138
Homeowners insurance-$90
Groceries (COL 83)-$374
Transportation-$450
Utilities (~$136/mo local avg)-$136
Health insurance-$280
Phone and subscriptions-$120
Dining and entertainment-$249
Personal and misc-$200
Monthly leftover~$829

Tennessee’s no-income-tax advantage means a tradesperson keeps the full $4,315 take-home without any state withholding. The $247,000 median home is $49,000 more than Fort Wayne or Tulsa, which is why the leftover is lower despite better take-home. Johnson City has the Appalachian Trail, Roan Mountain, and some of the best outdoor access in the eastern US right outside. The Tri-Cities construction and maintenance market is steady. For a tradesperson who values outdoor lifestyle alongside financial strength, Johnson City hits the balance well.

04. Winston-Salem, NC

City 04
Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Piedmont Triad, NC · Mid-size city
Lowest NC home prices Manufacturing base Wake Forest University culture
~$802
Est. monthly leftover
$64k
Avg trades salary
$221k
Median home
Monthly itemAmount
Gross monthly income ($64k/yr)$5,333
Federal taxes and FICA-$1,054
NC state income tax (4.5%)-$240
Take-home pay$4,192
Mortgage P&I on $221k (10% down, 6.8%)-$1,297
Property tax (0.84% rate, ~$155/mo)-$155
Homeowners insurance-$85
Groceries (COL 88)-$396
Transportation-$450
Utilities (~$144/mo local avg)-$144
Health insurance-$280
Phone and subscriptions-$120
Dining and entertainment-$264
Personal and misc-$200
Monthly leftover~$802

Winston-Salem’s $221,000 median home is the key. At 6.8% with 10% down that’s a $1,297 P&I payment, one of the lowest of any city this size in North Carolina. NC’s 4.5% income tax is moderate and the 0.84% property tax rate is reasonable. The manufacturing base provides consistent industrial trades work and the city has genuine character from Wake Forest University. $802 per month leftover in a real North Carolina city with actual amenities. This is underrated on most trades lists.

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Tier 2: Strong earnings, solid financial footing ($400 to $799 per month leftover)

These seven cities leave $400 to $800 per month after all expenses. The financial picture is solid. Most compensate with larger metro amenities, better career growth, or specific trades demand that makes them worth considering.

05. Knoxville, TN

City 05
Knoxville, Tennessee
East Tennessee · Mid-size city
No state income tax Growing construction market Smoky Mountains lifestyle
~$581
Est. monthly leftover
$65k
Avg trades salary
$305k
Median home
Monthly itemAmount
Gross monthly income ($65k/yr)$5,417
Federal taxes and FICA-$1,071
Tennessee state income tax$0
Take-home pay$4,491
Mortgage P&I on $305k (10% down, 6.8%)-$1,790
Property tax (0.67% rate, ~$170/mo)-$170
Homeowners insurance-$95
Groceries (COL 89)-$400
Transportation-$450
Utilities (~$138/mo local avg)-$138
Health insurance-$280
Phone and subscriptions-$120
Dining and entertainment-$267
Personal and misc-$200
Monthly leftover~$581

Knoxville’s no-income-tax advantage gives the highest take-home of any Tier 2 city at $4,491 per month. The $305,000 median home is what keeps it out of Tier 1. At 6.8%, that’s a $1,790 P&I payment before taxes and insurance. The $581 leftover is solid and Knoxville adds something the cheaper cities can’t match: it’s a genuinely great place to live. The food scene, the college town energy, and the Smoky Mountains 45 minutes away make daily life more enjoyable than the pure financial cities.

06. San Antonio, TX

City 06
San Antonio, Texas
South-Central Texas · Major metro
No state income tax Military and construction demand Major metro scale
~$581
Est. monthly leftover
$68k
Avg trades salary
$278k
Median home
Monthly itemAmount
Gross monthly income ($68k/yr)$5,667
Federal taxes and FICA-$1,138
Texas state income tax$0
Take-home pay$4,667
Mortgage P&I on $278k (10% down, 6.8%)-$1,631
Property tax (1.82% rate, ~$422/mo)-$422
Homeowners insurance-$120
Groceries (COL 94)-$423
Transportation-$450
Utilities (~$158/mo local avg)-$158
Health insurance-$280
Phone and subscriptions-$120
Dining and entertainment-$282
Personal and misc-$200
Monthly leftover~$581

San Antonio pays the highest trades wages in Tier 2 at $68,000 and has no state income tax. The reason it doesn’t rank higher is Texas’s 1.82% property tax rate, which adds $422 per month to housing costs on this home price. That’s the real cost of no income tax in Texas: it gets partially reclaimed through property taxes. The total mortgage including taxes and insurance is $2,173 per month, which is why the leftover is the same as Knoxville despite a higher salary. But San Antonio offers 1.4 million people, the River Walk, and one of the deepest military-driven construction markets in the country.

07. Indianapolis, IN

City 07
Indianapolis, Indiana
Central Indiana · Major metro
Low income tax (3.05%) Fast-growing market Major metro
~$567
Est. monthly leftover
$66k
Avg trades salary
$278k
Median home
Monthly itemAmount
Gross monthly income ($66k/yr)$5,500
Federal taxes and FICA-$1,105
Indiana state income tax (3.05%)-$168
Take-home pay$4,381
Mortgage P&I on $278k (10% down, 6.8%)-$1,631
Property tax (0.85% rate, ~$197/mo)-$197
Homeowners insurance-$95
Groceries (COL 91)-$410
Transportation-$450
Utilities (~$158/mo local avg)-$158
Health insurance-$280
Phone and subscriptions-$120
Dining and entertainment-$273
Personal and misc-$200
Monthly leftover~$567

Indianapolis is growing fast and the construction pipeline reflects it. Data centers, warehouses, and a residential boom driven by population growth have created consistent high-paying work for electricians and HVAC techs specifically. Indiana’s 3.05% income tax keeps take-home strong. The Pacers, Colts, Formula 1, and a genuine Fountain Square and Broad Ripple neighborhood scene make it a real city with a livable culture alongside the financial numbers.

08. Des Moines, IA

City 08
Des Moines, Iowa
Central Iowa · Mid-size city
Data center boom Consistent electrician demand
~$560
Est. monthly leftover
$65k
Avg trades salary
$241k
Median home
Monthly itemAmount
Gross monthly income ($65k/yr)$5,417
Federal taxes and FICA-$1,071
Iowa state income tax (4.82%)-$261
Take-home pay$4,230
Mortgage P&I on $241k (10% down, 6.8%)-$1,414
Property tax (1.57% rate, ~$315/mo)-$315
Homeowners insurance-$90
Groceries (COL 87)-$392
Transportation-$450
Utilities (~$148/mo local avg)-$148
Health insurance-$280
Phone and subscriptions-$120
Dining and entertainment-$261
Personal and misc-$200
Monthly leftover~$560

Iowa’s 1.57% property tax rate is the main drag here, it adds $315 per month to housing costs on a $241,000 home, which is meaningful. But Des Moines has been one of the Midwest’s fastest-growing metros for a decade. The data center boom driven by Microsoft, Apple, and Google infrastructure investments has created years of consistent high-paying electrician work. A well-run city with a genuine food scene and low traffic. $560 per month leftover is solid.

09. Chattanooga, TN

City 09
Chattanooga, Tennessee
Southeast Tennessee · Mid-size city
No state income tax Volkswagen plant demand Best lifestyle in Tier 2
~$511
Est. monthly leftover
$63k
Avg trades salary
$298k
Median home
Monthly itemAmount
Gross monthly income ($63k/yr)$5,250
Federal taxes and FICA-$1,037
Tennessee state income tax$0
Take-home pay$4,373
Mortgage P&I on $298k (10% down, 6.8%)-$1,748
Property tax (0.67% rate, ~$166/mo)-$166
Homeowners insurance-$92
Groceries (COL 89)-$400
Transportation-$450
Utilities (~$138/mo local avg)-$138
Health insurance-$280
Phone and subscriptions-$120
Dining and entertainment-$267
Personal and misc-$200
Monthly leftover~$511

Chattanooga has Volkswagen’s North American manufacturing plant and a growing advanced manufacturing corridor that creates sustained industrial electrical and HVAC work. No state income tax keeps take-home strong. The $298,000 median home is higher than the Tier 1 cities, which is why it sits in Tier 2 at 6.8% rates. The Tennessee River, a revitalized downtown, and exceptional outdoor access make Chattanooga one of the most enjoyable cities on this list to actually live in. $511 per month leftover in a city that’s genuinely worth living in.

10. Columbus, OH

City 10
Columbus, Ohio
Central Ohio · Major metro
Intel chip plant demand Best career upside Entry homes available
~$510
Est. monthly leftover
$67k
Avg trades salary
$271k
Median home
Monthly itemAmount
Gross monthly income ($67k/yr)$5,583
Federal taxes and FICA-$1,122
Ohio state income tax (3.99%)-$223
Take-home pay$4,385
Mortgage P&I on $271k (10% down, 6.8%)-$1,590
Property tax (1.38% rate, ~$312/mo)-$312
Homeowners insurance-$92
Groceries (COL 90)-$405
Transportation-$450
Utilities (~$156/mo local avg)-$156
Health insurance-$280
Phone and subscriptions-$120
Dining and entertainment-$270
Personal and misc-$200
Monthly leftover~$510

Intel’s $20 billion semiconductor plant in New Albany near Columbus is creating one of the largest electrician demand surges of any US city right now. Wages are rising and the pipeline of work is years long. Ohio’s 1.38% property tax rate is the main drag alongside the $271,000 median home. If you buy in entry neighborhoods like Whitehall or Reynoldsburg at $190,000 to $220,000, the monthly leftover improves to $700 to $800 and Columbus becomes Tier 1 territory. Best career upside of any city on this list for electricians specifically.

11. Fargo, ND

City 11
Fargo, North Dakota
Eastern North Dakota · Small city
Lowest income tax (2.5%) Persistent trades shortage
~$498
Est. monthly leftover
$65k
Avg trades salary
$278k
Median home
Monthly itemAmount
Gross monthly income ($65k/yr)$5,417
Federal taxes and FICA-$1,071
North Dakota income tax (2.5%)-$135
Take-home pay$4,355
Mortgage P&I on $278k (10% down, 6.8%)-$1,631
Property tax (1.04% rate, ~$241/mo)-$241
Homeowners insurance-$90
Groceries (COL 91)-$410
Transportation-$450
Utilities (~$162/mo local avg)-$162
Health insurance-$280
Phone and subscriptions-$120
Dining and entertainment-$273
Personal and misc-$200
Monthly leftover~$498

North Dakota’s 2.5% income tax is the lowest of any income-tax state on this list. Fargo has a persistent shortage of licensed tradespeople relative to demand, which means wages are competitive and work is genuinely plentiful. The $278,000 median home and 1.04% property tax bring the total housing cost to $1,962 per month, which is the main constraint. The winters are legitimately severe. But $498 per month leftover in a city where you’ll never struggle to find work is a solid financial foundation.

All 15 cities: what the trades actually earn after everything

Rank City Avg salary Take-home/mo Full mortgage/mo Other costs/mo Monthly leftover Tier
1Fort Wayne, IN$63k$4,213$1,387$1,827$9991
2Tulsa, OK$64k$4,179$1,394$1,813$9721
3Johnson City, TN$62k$4,315$1,677$1,809$8291
4Winston-Salem, NC$64k$4,192$1,537$1,854$8021
5Knoxville, TN$65k$4,491$2,055$1,855$5812
6San Antonio, TX$68k$4,667$2,173$1,913$5812
7Indianapolis, IN$66k$4,381$1,923$1,891$5672
8Des Moines, IA$65k$4,230$1,819$1,851$5602
9Chattanooga, TN$63k$4,373$2,006$1,855$5112
10Columbus, OH$67k$4,385$1,994$1,881$5102
11Fargo, ND$65k$4,355$1,962$1,895$4982
12Huntsville, AL$68k$4,383$2,223$1,878$2823
13Greenville, SC$65k$4,112$2,069$1,910$1333
14Raleigh, NC$72k$4,631$2,806$2,001-$1763*
15Boise, ID$68k$4,338$2,793$1,978-$4333*

Full mortgage includes principal, interest, property taxes, and homeowners insurance on a 10% down purchase at 6.8%. Other costs cover groceries adjusted to local COL index, transportation, utilities, health insurance, phone, dining, and personal expenses. Cities marked 3* run a deficit at median home prices, see Tier 3 section below for the path forward.

Why Huntsville dropped to Tier 3
Huntsville has a great job market and the lowest property taxes in the country. But at 6.8% mortgage rates, a $342,000 home costs $2,223 per month all-in. That’s a real number at current rates. The city is still an excellent market for tradespeople, but the sweet spot is buying below the median in the $240,000 to $270,000 range, where the monthly leftover improves to $500 to $600 and moves back into solid Tier 2 territory.

Tier 3: Worth knowing about, but the math requires care

12. Huntsville, AL: excellent job market, buy below median

City 12
Huntsville, Alabama
North Alabama · Fastest growing city in AL
Massive construction demand Lowest property tax in US Buy below median for best results
~$282
At median home
$68k
Avg trades salary
$342k
Median home
Monthly itemAmount
Gross monthly income ($68k/yr)$5,667
Federal taxes and FICA-$1,138
Alabama state income tax (5%)-$283
Take-home pay$4,383
Mortgage P&I on $342k (10% down, 6.8%)-$2,007
Property tax (0.41% rate, ~$117/mo)-$117
Homeowners insurance-$100
Groceries (COL 91)-$410
Transportation-$450
Utilities (~$148/mo local avg)-$148
Health insurance-$280
Phone and subscriptions-$120
Dining and entertainment-$270
Personal and misc-$200
Monthly leftover (at median)~$282
Monthly leftover (at $250k home)~$590

Huntsville is still one of the best markets for skilled trades in the Southeast. NASA, Boeing, and the defense build-out create years of consistent high-paying work. Alabama’s 0.41% property tax rate is the lowest in the country. The issue is purely the $342,000 median price at 6.8% rates, that P&I of $2,007 is steep at this salary. At a $250,000 home the monthly left over improves to around $590 and Huntsville becomes a strong Tier 2 pick. Homes at $250,000 and below do exist here, especially in areas slightly outside the tightest neighborhoods. The job market alone makes Huntsville worth strong consideration.

13. Greenville, SC: BMW demand, buy below median

City 13
Greenville, South Carolina
Upstate South Carolina · Mid-size city
BMW and automotive demand Best lifestyle on list 7% SC income tax is the drag
~$133
At median home
$65k
Avg trades salary
$312k
Median home
Monthly itemAmount
Gross monthly income ($65k/yr)$5,417
Federal taxes and FICA-$1,071
SC state income tax (7.0%)-$378
Take-home pay$4,112
Mortgage P&I on $312k (10% down, 6.8%)-$1,831
Property tax (0.57% rate, ~$148/mo)-$148
Homeowners insurance-$90
Groceries (COL 96)-$432
Transportation-$450
Utilities (~$140/mo local avg)-$140
Health insurance-$280
Phone and subscriptions-$120
Dining and entertainment-$288
Personal and misc-$200
Monthly leftover (at median)~$133
Monthly leftover (at $230k home)~$490

South Carolina’s 7% income tax is the highest on this list and it reduces take-home to $4,112, the lowest of any city here. At the $312,000 median home, only $133 is left after everything. But Greenville has something specific for tradespeople: BMW’s North American manufacturing plant, Michelin’s US headquarters, and a growing automotive supply chain create demand for industrial electricians and HVAC techs that doesn’t exist in most mid-size cities. Homes in the $210,000 to $240,000 range exist in the outer neighborhoods and push the leftover to around $390 to $560. If you can solve the buy-below-median equation, Greenville’s walkable downtown and Blue Ridge access make it genuinely excellent to live in.

14. Raleigh, NC: highest wages, deficit at median, rent or buy below

City 14
Raleigh, North Carolina
Central North Carolina · Major metro
Highest trades wages on list Tech-driven construction boom Buy below $300k or rent
-$176
At median home
$72k
Avg trades salary
$412k
Median home
Monthly itemAmount
Gross monthly income ($72k/yr)$6,000
Federal taxes and FICA-$1,239
NC state income tax (4.5%)-$270
Take-home pay$4,631
Mortgage P&I on $412k (10% down, 6.8%)-$2,417
Property tax (0.84% rate, ~$288/mo)-$288
Homeowners insurance-$100
Groceries (COL 107)-$482
Transportation-$450
Utilities (~$148/mo local avg)-$148
Health insurance-$280
Phone and subscriptions-$120
Dining and entertainment-$321
Personal and misc-$200
Monthly leftover (at median)-$176
Monthly leftover (renting avg 1BR $1,700)~$631

Raleigh pays the highest trades wages on this list at $72,000. The Research Triangle construction boom driven by tech, pharma, and biotech is real and creates consistent high-paying work. But the $412,000 median home at 6.8% rates produces a $2,805 all-in monthly housing cost that runs a $176 deficit. The solution is straightforward: rent first. At $1,700 for a 1BR, monthly leftover is $631 and Raleigh becomes a strong financial position. Buy in the $280,000 to $310,000 range in the outer Wake County suburbs when you find the right property. Raleigh is a strong career pick for tradespeople willing to rent while they search for the right buy.

15. Boise, ID: strong wages, buy in Nampa or Caldwell

City 15
Boise, Idaho
Southwest Idaho · Mid-size city
Strong trades wages Idaho growth driving demand Buy in Nampa for better math
-$433
At median home
$68k
Avg trades salary
$418k
Median home
Monthly itemAmount
Gross monthly income ($68k/yr)$5,667
Federal taxes and FICA-$1,138
Idaho state income tax (5.8%)-$328
Take-home pay$4,338
Mortgage P&I on $418k (10% down, 6.8%)-$2,453
Property tax (0.69% rate, ~$240/mo)-$240
Homeowners insurance-$100
Groceries (COL 104)-$468
Transportation-$450
Utilities (~$148/mo local avg)-$148
Health insurance-$280
Phone and subscriptions-$120
Dining and entertainment-$312
Personal and misc-$200
Monthly leftover (at median)-$433
Monthly leftover (buy $290k in Nampa)~$320

Idaho’s explosive population growth has driven trades wages up and demand is strong. But the $418,000 median home at 6.8% produces a $2,793 monthly housing cost that’s not workable at this salary. Buying in Nampa or Caldwell, the adjacent communities with homes in the $270,000 to $310,000 range, brings the monthly leftover to around $200 to $420. It’s not generous but it’s real. Boise makes this list because Idaho’s low 0.69% property tax rate at lower price points is a meaningful advantage, and the outdoor lifestyle is exceptional. Go in knowing you’re buying in the suburbs of Boise, not Boise itself.

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Cities that underpay tradespeople relative to cost

City Avg trades salary Monthly leftover The problem
San Francisco, CA$98,000-$1,800+9.3% state tax, $4,000+ rent. Homeownership is not possible at any realistic timeline.
Seattle, WA$85,000-$900No income tax but homes cost 8x a trades salary. Even renting is hard.
Los Angeles, CA$82,000-$1,2009.3% state tax eats the wage advantage before rent does the rest.
Denver, CO$74,000-$600Housing costs outran wage growth significantly since 2020.
Austin, TX$71,000-$350No income tax but home prices have outrun the benefit at this salary level.
The San Francisco trap
A journeyman electrician earning $98,000 in San Francisco takes home roughly $67,000 after California’s 9.3% state income tax. After paying $3,500 per month in rent for a modest apartment, that’s $25,000 left for everything else annually. The same electrician earning $63,000 in Fort Wayne, Indiana takes home $50,556, pays a $1,387 full mortgage on a home they own, and has nearly $12,000 per year in genuine discretionary income after all expenses. The San Francisco electrician earns 56% more. The Fort Wayne electrician ends up in a meaningfully better financial position.

Licensing reciprocity: what moves with you

✓ What generally transfers
  • Most states have reciprocity agreements with neighboring states for journeyman and master licenses. Always verify the specific states you’re moving between before assuming yours transfers.
  • HVAC EPA 608 certification is federally issued and transfers everywhere in the US automatically. Your refrigerant certification moves with you.
  • OSHA 10 and OSHA 30 cards are nationally recognized and accepted by most contractors everywhere.
  • Union membership through IBEW (electricians), UA (plumbers), and SMWIA (HVAC sheet metal) often transfers between locals. Call the union hall at your destination city first.
  • Tennessee, Indiana, and North Carolina all have relatively accessible licensing processes for out-of-state tradespeople and are among the more straightforward states to move into.
✗ What requires extra steps
  • Contractor licenses generally do not transfer. If you run your own business you’ll need to apply for a new contractor license in the destination state.
  • Local jurisdiction licenses exist in some cities on top of state licenses. Check whether your destination city or county has additional requirements.
  • Master electrician licenses are issued at the state level and not always recognized across state lines even with reciprocity. Verify with the destination state’s electrical board.
  • Alabama has a rigorous licensing process for electrical contractors requiring separate state board approval. Journeyman licenses are more straightforward.
  • Plan 3 to 6 months ahead if you need a new license. Some states have processing backlogs and you cannot legally work in the trade without the license in hand.
The honest verdict for tradespeople choosing a city
At current mortgage rates, the city you buy in matters more than ever. Fort Wayne and Tulsa top this list not because they pay the most but because $198,000 homes at 6.8% produce manageable payments that leave nearly $1,000 per month after every expense. Raleigh pays $72,000 but the $412,000 median home at today’s rates produces a deficit. The lesson is the same one every article on this site teaches: the salary number is not the financial outcome. The leftover number is. Run your specific numbers in your specific city before making any decision.
Fort Wayne and Tulsa leave nearly $1,000/mo at current rates. That’s genuine wealth-building territory on a trades income.
Columbus OH is the best career pick. Intel’s chip plant is creating years of electrician demand. Buy below median and move into Tier 1 territory.
Don’t buy at the Huntsville median. The job market is excellent but $342k at 6.8% is steep. Buy at $250k and the numbers work well.
Raleigh and Boise require renting first. The wages are strong but median home prices run deficits at this salary. Rent, save, buy below median.

Frequently asked questions

What are the best cities for electricians, plumbers, and HVAC techs in 2026?
The best cities for electricians, plumbers, and HVAC techs in 2026 are Fort Wayne IN, Tulsa OK, Johnson City TN, and Winston-Salem NC. These four cities make up Tier 1 because they leave $800 to $1,000 per month after all expenses including the full mortgage payment with taxes and insurance. Fort Wayne tops the list with a $999 monthly leftover on a $63,000 trades salary and a $198,000 median home. Tulsa is a close second at $972 per month leftover with the same home price.
How much do electricians, plumbers, and HVAC techs earn in the best cities?
The US median salary is $61,000 for electricians, $60,000 for plumbers, and $57,000 for HVAC techs. In the top cities on this list, blended trades salaries run $62,000 to $72,000. Raleigh NC pays the most at $72,000. San Antonio TX and Huntsville AL pay $68,000. Fort Wayne IN and Tulsa OK pay $63,000 to $64,000. Higher wages do not always produce better financial outcomes because home prices and taxes vary significantly by city.
Is Fort Wayne Indiana a good city for tradespeople?
Fort Wayne is the top-ranked city for electricians, plumbers, and HVAC techs on this list. The $198,000 median home produces a full mortgage payment of $1,387 per month including taxes and insurance at 6.8% with 10% down. Indiana’s 3.05% flat income tax is the lowest of any income-tax state in this ranking. After all expenses, a tradesperson earning $63,000 in Fort Wayne keeps approximately $999 per month, which is close to $12,000 per year available to invest or pay down debt.
Why does a higher salary not always mean more money left over for tradespeople?
Home prices and state income taxes erase wage advantages in expensive cities. A journeyman electrician earning $98,000 in San Francisco takes home roughly $67,000 after California’s 9.3% state income tax and then pays $3,500 or more per month in rent for a modest apartment. The same tradesperson earning $63,000 in Fort Wayne takes home $50,556, pays a $1,387 full mortgage on a home they own, and keeps nearly $12,000 per year in discretionary income after all expenses. The Fort Wayne tradesperson ends up in a meaningfully better financial position despite earning 56% less.
Does a trades license transfer when you move to a new state?
It depends on the trade and the states involved. Most states have reciprocity agreements with neighboring states for journeyman and master electrician licenses but you must verify the specific pair of states before assuming yours transfers. EPA 608 certification for HVAC refrigerant handling is federally issued and transfers everywhere automatically. OSHA 10 and OSHA 30 cards are nationally recognized. Union membership through IBEW, UA, and SMWIA often transfers between locals. Contractor licenses generally do not transfer and require a new application in the destination state. Plan three to six months ahead if you need a new license since some states have processing backlogs.
What city has the most demand for electricians right now?
Columbus Ohio has the strongest near-term demand for electricians due to Intel’s $20 billion semiconductor plant in New Albany. That project alone is creating years of consistent high-paying electrician work. Des Moines Iowa has sustained data center demand from Microsoft, Apple, and Google infrastructure investments. Indianapolis Indiana is seeing a data center and warehouse boom driven by population growth. Tulsa Oklahoma has ongoing industrial electrical demand from energy sector refineries and petrochemical plants that does not depend on residential construction cycles.
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